• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Projected landscaping system, of a soilless crop on vertical and inclined surfaces (3), comprising a first layer (1) formed by at least one impermeable membrane projected onto the surface (3) where at least one membrane (1.1) of the first layer (1) has anti-root properties, a second layer (2) projected onto the first layer (1), comprising crop seeds and a substrate suitable for the cultivation without soil having a granular and/or fibrillar structure, and means of irrigation of the landscaping. Execution process of a landscaping system designed as defined, comprising the projection on the surface (3) of a first layer (1) of at least one impermeable and anti-root membrane, the projection on the first layer (1), of a second layer (2) of substrate and crop seeds, and the installation of irrigation means for the planned landscaping. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2591241A2
    申请号:ES201631383
    申请日:2016-10-27
    公开日:2016-11-25
    发明作者:Jordi SERRAMIA RUIZ
    申请人:Singulargreen S L；Singulargreen SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Projected landscaping system and execution process of said system Technical field of the invention
    The present invention corresponds to the technical field of the gardens realized by means of a cultivation without land, in inclined and vertical surfaces, specifically to the realization of the same by means of projection.
    Background of the Invention
    At present there is a utilization of the vegetation for the regeneration of inclined surfaces in various areas, both exterior and interior, being the objective pursued to stabilize these inclined surfaces, while providing vegetation to the area, always necessary and beneficial and the aspect of it is radically changed. The most commonly known application is the regeneration of road slopes.
    The regeneration of slopes of both soil and rock, usually uses a mixture of mulch, water and seeds, which for greater efficiency in the process, it is possible to project it on the surface to be treated, thus obtaining a landscaped surface.
    The surface to be treated is very important in these landscaping systems, since depending on the characteristics of the material that forms it, the growth of planted plant species will be more or less favored. Therefore, the cultivation that is carried out will be completely dependent on the material that makes up the slope, which is an inconvenience because they do not always have the most optimal material for the correct growth of the plants.
    There is currently a need to achieve a simple and effective system of landscaping of a steep slope by projection, due to the growing trend, consisting of landscaping of facades of buildings or walls of urban space, to create a Green zone within the urban environment, where they are so necessary. These green areas provide aesthetic benefits to the area in which they are made, in addition to achieving thermal insulation of the building that obtains an improvement in its energy efficiency.
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    The regeneration of raised inclined surfaces presents a limitation regarding the slope angle of the slope, and it is not possible to apply landscaped systems on slopes of high slope or even vertical, unless metal meshes or accessory anchoring elements that complicate are used and make the process more expensive.
    Thus, other more expensive and complicated procedures are currently used for the execution of vertical gardens, which require the prior creation of an element anchored to the wall that acts as a support for the landscaping and anchors it to the vertical surface at the same time as They isolate the system from the facade.
    As an example of the state of the art, the following reference documents FR2106278 and ES2024382 can be mentioned.
    Reference document FR2106278 defines a method of plant cultivation using a hydrophilic resin foam (polyurethane) in which solid nutrients and / or seeds are projected. It presents a method for loading the hydrophilic foam of open pore with activated substances, the regulation and fixation of the growth of the plants and / or seeds in which the substances and / or seeds are projected on the particle substrate solid by means of a pneumatic pressure.
    In this case it is considered a growth substrate of plants without soil, so the growth of them will not depend on the characteristics of the formation material of the slope, and in turn the projection of the substances and / or seeds in the substrate.
    However, it is not possible to use this type of procedure for growing plants on surfaces with high or vertical slopes. It would also not be effective for the development of vertical gardens on building facades, since the humidity of the substrate would affect them, in addition to the roots could also end up affecting the same.
    The reference document ES2024382, exposes a method of organic-vegetal coating on surfaces lacking fertile bed, which being applicable in slopes with a great slope, from 45 to 90 degrees, regardless of the geological constitution of the surface to be coated, has purpose of the implantation of hydro-sowing systems on surfaces devoid of vegetation cover.
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    Therefore, with this method, a metered homogeneous mixture of products is projected onto the surface to form a mantle with the ability to remain stable on a vertical wall, in thicknesses of up to 50 mm., As well as with sufficient biotopic capacity to allow cultivation of seeds intended to cover said surface.
    Also the option is considered that in layers of stratification perpendicular or convergent to the plane of the slope, the mantle is dosed with a minimum amount of cement and that in stratification planes coinciding with the slope or parallel to it, a fixed metal grid is arranged with bolts before the mantle and on which it is projected. In vertical slopes a double mesh would be placed.
    It can therefore be observed that in this document the realization of the surface covering of a surface is considered by projecting materials that include the use of soil to form a mantle suitable for the growth of said topping. If it is considered possible with this system the realization of landscaping on surfaces of great slope or vertical, but for this they require the use of cement or in cases of great verticality, of a double metal mesh, which in any case increase the weight on the surface to treat, the costs, as well as the times of realization of the process.
    This procedure would also not allow the landscaping of vertical surfaces and in particular in facades and walls of buildings, since the humidity would affect them, as well as the growth of the roots.
    Description of the invention
    The projected landscaping system, of a landless crop on vertical and inclined surfaces proposed herein, comprises a first layer formed by at least one impermeable membrane projected onto the surface, where at least one membrane of said first layer exhibits anti-root properties, a second layer projected on the first previous layer, comprising crop seeds and a substrate suitable for landless cultivation of plant species and landscaping irrigation means.
    Said irrigation means comprise a pipe arranged at the top of the system for the supply of water by gravity to it.
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    On the other hand, the substrate suitable for cultivation has a granular and / or fibrillar structure.
    According to a preferred embodiment, said substrate comprises activated carbon. According to another preferred embodiment, the substrate comprises sphagnum moss fibers. Also, according to another embodiment, the substrate comprises both materials, ie both activated carbon and sphagnum moss fibers.
    In a preferred embodiment, the substrate is formed by granules and / or fibers that pass through a 10mm diameter sieve.
    According to another aspect, in a preferred embodiment, at least one impermeable membrane of the first layer also has insulating properties.
    This process also presents a process of executing a system of
    projected landscaping as defined above. This process includes the
    following phases:
    A first phase of projection on the surface of a first layer formed by at least one impermeable membrane, where at least one membrane, also has anti-root properties.
    A second phase of projecting a second layer of substrate and crop seeds on the first layer.
    And finally, a third phase of installation of a means of irrigation of the projected landscaping.
    According to a preferred embodiment, this process of executing the system of
    projected landscaping comprises a previous phase of mixing the seeds of
    culture with the substrate, which takes place prior to the second projection phase of the second substrate layer.
    According to another preferred embodiment, the second projection phase of the second layer comprises a first stage of projection of the substrate and a second stage of projection of the crop seeds on said substrate.
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    According to another aspect, in a preferred embodiment, the second phase is carried out before solidification of the impermeable membrane of the first layer located more externally with respect to the surface.
    According to another preferred embodiment, said second phase is carried out after solidification of the impermeable membrane of the first layer located more externally with respect to the surface.
    With the projected landscaping system and the projected landscaping system execution process proposed here, a significant improvement in the state of the art is obtained.
    This is so a simple landscaping system is achieved with which it is possible to perform the landscaping of surfaces regardless of the value of the sloping slope thereof, or even if it is arranged vertically.
    In addition, in any of these cases it would be achieved through a process that involves the projection of the successive layers, quickly and effectively, without additional fastening or anchoring elements to the surface, which reduces the cost considerably. In addition, by not needing these anchoring elements, the weight of the system is reduced, being suitable for any surface.
    This system has the advantage that it includes everything necessary for the crops to grow, not therefore depending in any way, on the characteristics of the support on which it is placed.
    Finally, but equally relevant, is the fact that the first or the first layers of waterproof membrane and with anti-root properties that are projected on the surface in question in which it is intended to place the landscaping manage to isolate it from possible humidity and avoid damage by the development of the roots, forming a protective skin on the surface. When it comes to the facade or the wall of a building, thermal insulation improves the energy efficiency of the building. Thus, the evaporation of the water produced by the landscaping system generates active cooling in the hot months.
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    And all this is done through a simple, fast and efficient process, to achieve a lower cost system, very effective and that does not present problems of its use on facades and walls of buildings.
    Brief description of the drawings
    In order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, a series of drawings are provided as an integral part of said description where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, represented the following:
    Figure 1 shows a diagram of the section of the projected landscaping system, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention
    In view of the figure provided, it can be observed that in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the projected landscaping system of a landless crop on vertical and inclined surfaces presented here comprises a first layer (1) formed by a first and second waterproof membranes (1.1, 1.2) projected on the surface (3), where one of them, in this case the first membrane (1.1), also has anti-root properties, although in other preferred embodiments of the Invention, it could be another membrane that has anti-root properties, not necessarily the first.
    In this embodiment, the system realized on a vertical surface that corresponds to the facade of a building is considered.
    As can be seen in Figure 1, the system has a second layer (2) projected on the first layer (1) formed by both first and second waterproof membranes (1.1, 1.2). This second layer (2) comprises crop seeds and a substrate suitable for landless cultivation of plant species.
    The system also includes landscaping irrigation means that has a pipe (4) arranged in the upper part of the system for the supply of water by gravity to it.
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    Likewise, the substrate suitable for cultivation that together with the seeds forms the second layer (2) has a granular and / or fibrillar structure. In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the structure is granular and fibrillar, presenting a combination of granules and fibers that are formed by activated carbon and sphagnum moss fibers.
    In this embodiment, these materials must meet a conditioner of size being valid for the formation of the substrate, those that pass through a 10mm diameter sieve.
    This report also proposes a process of executing a projected landscaping system, as defined above. This process includes the following phases:
    A first phase of projection on the surface (3) of a first layer (1) formed by a first and second waterproof membranes (1.1, 1.2). In this case, when projecting two waterproof membranes, the first waterproof membrane (1.1) is projected on the surface (3) first and then the second waterproof membrane (1.2) is projected on the previous one. The first waterproof membrane (1.1) projected also has, in this case, anti-root properties.
    The second phase consists in the projection of a second layer (2) of substrate and crop seeds on the first layer (1). In this preferred embodiment of the invention, said projection is carried out before the solidification of the second waterproof membrane (1.2), since this is what is projected on the first membrane and therefore is located more externally with respect to the facade.
    Likewise, in this first preferred embodiment of the invention, this projected landscaping execution process comprises, prior to the second projecting phase of the second substrate and seed layer, a pre-mixing phase of said seed seeds. cultivation with the substrate.
    Finally, this process includes a third phase consisting of the installation of irrigation means of the projected landscaping.
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    The described embodiment is only an example of the present invention, therefore, the specific details, terms and phrases used herein are not to be considered as limiting, but are only to be understood as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis that provides an understandable description as well as sufficient information to the person skilled in the art to apply the present invention.
    With the projected landscaping system and the execution process that is presented here, significant improvements are achieved with respect to the state of the art.
    A landscaping system is achieved that allows its realization on surfaces of a normal inclination or large slopes, even vertical and this always with the same process and without requiring the introduction of additional elements in cases of larger slopes.
    With this, a very light system is achieved, which can be placed on any type of surface and especially in the case of facades and walls, this system can be used regardless of the weight it can support.
    Being a landscaping system made by projection, a significant saving in installation time is obtained compared to other vertical gardening systems. In addition, it creates a waterproof and insulating surface, continuous and seamless, which improves the insulation of buildings.
    It is a system that can be installed on all types of facades and walls, regardless of its configuration or roughness.
    In addition, the mixture of the second layer includes the seeds, so it is not necessary, nor possible, the manual plantation of the already germinated plant. Thus, it is not necessary to use skilled labor in gardening.
    With these factors, a significant cost reduction is also obtained compared to other vertical gardening systems, and it is an effective, simple and practical system, while the process of realization of it is quick and simple.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
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    1- Projected landscaping system of a landless crop on vertical and inclined surfaces (3), characterized in that it comprises
    - a first layer (1) formed by at least one impermeable membrane (1.1) projected onto the surface (3);
    - where at least one membrane (1.1) of the first layer (1) has anti-root properties;
    - a second layer (2) projected on the first layer (1), comprising crop seeds and a substrate suitable for landless cultivation of plant species;
    - where the substrate has a granular and / or fibrillar structure, and;
    - landscaping irrigation means comprising a pipe (4) arranged in the upper part of the system for the supply of water by gravity to it.
    2- Projected landscaping system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate suitable for cultivation comprises activated carbon.
    3- Projected landscaping system, according to any of the claims
    above, characterized in that the substrate suitable for cultivation comprises sphagnum moss fibers.
    4- Projected landscaping system, according to any of the claims
    previous, characterized in that the substrate is formed by granules and / or fibers that pass through a 10mm diameter sieve.
    5- Projected landscaping system, according to any of the claims
    above, characterized in that at least one impermeable membrane of the first layer (1) also has insulating properties.
    6- Execution process of a projected landscaping system, as defined according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the following phases:
    - projection on the surface (3) of a first layer (1) formed by at least one impermeable membrane (1.1), where at least one membrane (1.1) has anti-root properties;
    - projection on the first layer (1) of a second layer (2) of substrate and crop seeds, and;
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    a third phase of installation of means of irrigation of the projected landscaping.
    7- Execution process of a projected landscaping system, according to the
    Claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a previous phase of mixing the crop seeds with the substrate, which takes place prior to the second projecting phase of the second layer (2).
    8- Process of execution of a projected landscaping system, according to the
    Claim 6, characterized in that the second projection phase of the second layer (2) comprises a first stage of projection of the substrate and a second stage of projection of the crop seeds on said substrate.
    9- Execution process of a projected landscaping system, according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the second phase is carried out before solidification of the waterproof membrane of the first layer (1) located more externally with respect to to the surface (3).
    10. Process of executing a projected landscaping system, according to any of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the second phase is carried out after solidification of the waterproof membrane of the first layer (1) located more externally with respect to to the surface (3).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2591241R1|2017-07-06|
    ES2591241B1|2018-04-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2615393A1|2017-03-31|2017-06-06|SingularGreen S.L.|Vertical ultralight landscaping system and execution process of said system |US8578651B1|2009-03-13|2013-11-12|Tomkat Ranch Educational Foundation|Aquaponic vertical garden using a stretchable grow media|
    法律状态:
    2018-04-10| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2591241 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20180410 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201631383A|ES2591241B1|2016-10-27|2016-10-27|Projected landscaping system and execution process of said system|ES201631383A| ES2591241B1|2016-10-27|2016-10-27|Projected landscaping system and execution process of said system|
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